Bird-Lore, Volume I—1899

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Emphasis is indicated by _Italic and Underscore_ and =Bold=. Whole number and fractional part is indicated as 7-3/4.

=Bird-Lore=

_AN ILLUSTRATED BI-MONTHLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED TO THE STUDY AND PROTECTION OF BIRDS_

Edited by FRANK M. CHAPMAN

Official Organ of the Audubon Societies

Audubon Department Edited by MABEL OSGOOD WRIGHT

[Illustration]

_VOLUME I--1899_

THE MACMILLAN COMPANY ENGLEWOOD, N. J., AND NEW YORK CITY

Copyright, 1899 By FRANK M. CHAPMAN

INDEX TO ARTICLES IN VOLUME I BY AUTHORS

Allen, J. A., The American Ornithologists' Union, 143.

Babcock, C. A., 'Suggestions for Bird-Day Programs in the Schools,' 49. Baily, William L., 'Three Cobb's Island Pictures,' 81. Batchelder, Annie V., Sec'y, report of, 102. Beal, F. E. L., Reviews by, 98, 133. Beebe, C. Will, 'Two Nova Scotia Photographs,' 113. Board, Nellie S., Sec'y, report of, 62. Brown, Elizabeth V., 'A Bird-Day Program,' 52. Burnett, Dr. D. L., 'A Musical Woodpecker,' 60. Burroughs, John, 'In Warbler Time,' 3. Butler, Amos W., Sec'y, report of, 66.

Chapman, Frank M., 'Birds Through a Telescope,' 132; 'Gannets on Bonaventure,' 71; 'The Legend of the Salt,' 55; 'The Passing of the Tern,' 205; 'The Surprising Contents of a Birch Stub,' 187; editorials by, 2, 28, 63, 135, 169, 201; photographs by, 119, 149; reviews by, 26, 27, 61, 97, 98, 133, 167. Collins, H. M., 'The Peculiarities of a Caged Skylark,' 157. Cram, William Everett, 'Winter Bird Notes from Southern New Hampshire,' 180. Crolius, A. A., 'How the Central Park Chickadees Were Tamed,' 185.

Day, Mary F., 'Home-Life in a Chimney,' 78. Deane, Ruthven, President, report of, 66. Dutcher, William, 'Loons at Home,' 40.

Eaton, Isabel, 'Bird Studies for Children,' 17.

Fisher, Dr. A. K., 'Average Dates of Arrival of the Commoner Birds at Sing Sing, N. Y., during April and May,' 54.

Geery, D. R., 'Sparrow Proof Houses,' 60. Glover, Harriet D. C., Sec'y, report of, 31. Glover, Helen W., Sec'y, report of, 139. Grant, Annie M., Sec'y, reports of, 30, 204.

Hegner, Robert W., 'Photographing a Bluebird,' 43; 'The Prairie Horned Lark,' 152. Hodge, C. F., 'A Pleasant Acquaintance With a Hummingbird,' 155; 'On the Ethics of Caging Birds,' 158. Horack, Frank E., 'The Songs of Birds,' 96; 'A Singing Bluejay,' 197.

Ives, Ella Gilbert, 'The Cardinal at the Hub,' 83; 'The Cardinal in Maine,' 132.

Judd, Sylvester D., Ph. D., 'Collecting a Brown Thrush's Song,' 25.

Kearton, R., 'Photographing Shy Wild Birds and Beasts at Home,' 107. Kendall, Blanche, photographs by, 84, 85, 86. Kennard, Fred. H., 'A May Morning,' 91.

Lehmann, Lilli, A Message from, 103. Lemmon, Isabella McC., 'Oliver Twist, Catbird,' 163. Lockwood, Emma H., Sec'y, report of, 32. Loring, J. Alden, 'Inquisitive Magpies,' 96.

Mellick, Mary A., Sec'y, report of, 32. Menke, H. W., 'From a Cabin Window,' 14; photograph by, 106. Merriam, Florence A., 'Clark's Crows and Oregon Jays on Mount Hood,' 46, 72; 'Our Doorstep Sparrow,' 20. Miller, Oliver Thorne, 'On the Ethics of Caging Birds,' 19, 89. Mumma, Rosa Meyers, 'Matins,' 77.

Nash, H. W., photograph by, 176. Newkirk, Garrett, 'Mr. Flicker Writes a Letter,' 129; 'Robin Rejoice,' 95; 'The Little Brown Creeper,' 197. Noble, Floyd C., 'A February Walk in Central Park,' 57.

Osgood, Fletcher, report of, 137.

Patten, Mrs. John Dewhurst, Sec'y, reports of, 32, 173. Peabody, P. B., 'Richardson's Owl,' 190. Peckham, Mrs. Elizabeth W., Sec'y, reports of, 101, 205. Princehorn, A. L., photograph by, 154.

Richards, Harriet E., Sec'y, report by, 30. Roberts, Dr. Thos. S., 'The Camera as an aid in the Study of Birds,' 6, 35; 'A Catbird Study,' 87. Robins, Julia Stockton, Sec'y, report of, 66, 204. Robinson, Mildred A., 'A February Walk,' 94. Roosevelt, Theodore, Letter from, 65. Royael, John L., 'An Accomplished House Sparrow,' 24. Russell, Miss Cora, Sec'y, report of, 32.

Sage, John H., 'Fall Migration at Portland, Conn.,' 128. Schwab, L. H., 'An Odd Nesting Site,' 166. Slosson, Annie Trumbull, 'A Tragic St. Valentine's Day,' 45. Smith, Anna Harris, 'On the Ethics of Caging Birds,' 160. Smith, W. Gordon, photograph by, 177. Soule, Caroline G., 'Birds and Caterpillars,' 166; 'Humanizing the Birds,' 193. Southwick, E. B., 'A Nut-hatching Nuthatch,' 24. Stone, Witmer, 'A Search for the Reedy Island Crow Roost,' 177. Stone, Witmer, and others, 'Hints to Young Bird Students,' 125.

Tabor, E. G., 'A Least Bittern Portrait,' 39; photographs by, 149, 156. Taylor, John W., President, report of, 67. Thomas, Edith M., 'The Masquerading Chickadee,' 77. Thompson, Ernest Seton, 'The Myth of the Song Sparrow,' 59. Torrey, Bradford, 'Watching the Bittern Pump,' 123. Tyler, D. T. A., Audubon's Seal, 172.

Van Altena, Edward, photograph by, 116. Van Dyke, Henry, 'The Angler's Reveille,' 150. Van Sant, Florence A., 'Zip and Phoebe, A Catbird Story,' 130.

Widmann, Otto, 'In the Spartina with the Swallows,' 115. Webster, Ellen E., 'An Interesting Phoebe's Nest, 197. Wood, George, photograph by, 21. W[right], M. O., Editorials by, 29, 64, 100, 136, 170, 202.

INDEX TO VOLUME I

A Dictionary of Birds, reviewed, 199. Adney, Tappan, 202. Advisory Council, 192. Allen, J. A., 127, 142, 144, 169. Aldrich, Chas., 142. American Ornithologists' Union, 142, 143, 169. Audubon Bird Chart, 27. Audubon Calendar, 200. Audubon Societies, reports of. See under names of Secretaries. Auk, The, 146, 147.

Babcock, C. A., 62. Bailey, H. B., 142. Baird, S. F., 142. Baldpate, 128. Ball, Helen A., 167. Barlow, Chester, 62, 168. Bartsch, Paul, 200. Batchelder, C. F., 142. Beal, F. E. L., 134. Belding, Lyman, 146. Bendire, C. E., 142. Bicknell, E. P., 142. Bickmore, Professor, 32. Bird Collecting, 135, 168. Bird-Day, 36, 49, 51, 53, 98. Bird Games, 18. 'Bird Gods,' reviewed, 26. Bird Houses, figured, 60. 'Bird-Life; A Guide to the Study of our Common Birds,' Teachers' edition, reviewed, 27. Bird-Lore, 28, 63, 201. 'Bird Migration in Mississippi Valley,' 146. 'Birds,' reviewed, 97. Birds and Farmers, 103. 'Birds as Weed Destroyers,' reviewed, 134. Birds' Christmas Tree, 195. 'Birds of Washington and Vicinity,' reviewed, 26. Birds, Food for, 19. Birds, Songs of, 96. 'Birds Through an Opera-glass,' 168. Bittern, American, 54, 123, 128; figured, 149; Least, 39, 40, 123, 128; figured, 34; Blackbird, Red-winged, 92, 96, 128; Rusty, 128; Yellow-headed, 16; figured, 16; Bluebird, 43, 150; figured, 43, 44. Bobolink, 55, 92, 117, 128. Boynton, Helen M., 98. Brewster, William, 27, 127, 142, 144, 202. British Columbia, 98. Brooks, William R., 132. Brown, Elizabeth V., 173. Brown, Nathan C., 142. Brownell, L. W., 63. Bunting, Indigo, 55, 128. Burroughs, John, 2, 5, 202.

California, 62. Campbell, A. J., 202. Camera, 6, 35, 107, 202. Canada, 40, 133, 171. Canary, 17, 89, 96. Cardinal, 57, 83, 132; figured, 84, 85, 86. Catbird, 54, 91, 128, 163, 166; figured, 87, 88. Cedarbird, 92, 166; figured, 161. Chamberlain, M., 142. Chapman, Frank M., 26, 31, 32, 127, 202. Chat, Yellow-breasted, 55. Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle, 168. 'Check-list of British Columbia Birds,' reviewed, 98/ Check-list of North American Birds, 147. Chickadee, Black-capped, 9, 10, 11, 19, 24, 56, 58, 77, 94, 97, 181, 182, 185, 187; figured, 7, 10, 12, 13, 56, 189. Clark, Josephine A., 62. Code of Nomenclature, 145. Cohen, Donald, 62. Connecticut, 27, 128, 166. Cooke, W. W., 146. Cooper Ornithological Club, 62. Coot, American, 128. Cormorants, Double-crested, 71. Cory, C. B., 142. Coues, Elliott, 135, 142, 144. Coues' 'Key,' 98. Cowbird, 54, 93, 128. Creeper, Brown, 57, 128, 181, 195; figured, 195. Crow, 92, 164, 177, 181, 184; figured, 177, 184. Crow, Fish, 54. Crow, Clark's, 46, 72; figured, 47, 72, 74, 76. Cuckoo, Black-billed, 55, 93, 128, 166; Yellow-billed, 55, 128, 166.

Dart, Leslie O., 10. Davis, W. T., 200. Dearborn, Ned, 98. De Kay, Charles, 26. Delaware, 179. Dickey Downy, reviewed, 200. Diver, Great Northern, 40. Dove, Mourning, 128. Duck, American Scaup, 128; Black, 128; Buffle-head, 128; Lesser Scaup, 128; Ring-necked, 128; Ruddy, 128. Dutcher, William, 103, 127.

Eagle, 26. Eagle, Bald, 170, 171, 181; Golden, figured, 176. Eckstorm, Fannie Hardy, 98. 'Economic Relations of Birds and Their Food,' noticed, 134. Edwards, George Wharton, 26. Egg Collecting, 61. Elliot, D. G., 142. Evans, A. H., 97.

Fannin, John, 98. February Walk Contest, 57. 'Field Key to the Land Birds,' reviewed, 167. Finch, Purple, 54. Fisher, A. K., 127, 142. Flicker, 18, 128, 181. Florida, 45, 63. Flycatcher, Alder, 55; Crested, 55; Green-crested, 55; Least, 54, 128; Olive-sided, 55; Yellow-bellied, 55.

Gadow, Hans, 199. Gannets, 70; figured, 70. Gill, Theodore, 135. Gleeson, Joseph M., 199. Goldfinch, 17, 183; European, 58. Goose, Canada, 128, 181. Goshawk, American, 128, 180. Grackle, Bronzed, 128. Grant, Annie M., 133. Grebe, Pied-billed, 54, 128. Grinnell, George Bird, 146. Grosbeak, Pine, 183; Rose-breasted, 55, 92, 128, 166. Grouse, Blue, 46. Gull, Herring, 71.

Harvey, L. D., 98. Hawk, Cooper's, 128; Marsh, 128; Pigeon, 54, 128; Rough-legged, 181; Sharp-shinned, 128; Sparrow, 54. Henshaw, H. W., 142, 202. Heron, Black-crowned Night, 54, 128; Green, 54, 92, 128; Great Blue, 128. Hodge, C. F., 161, 162, 167. Hoffmann, Ralph, 27, 30. Holder, J. B., 142. Hornaday, W. T., 31. Hornbrooke, Orinda, 102. Howe, Reginald Heber, Jr., 134. Hubbard, Marion C., 202. Hummingbird, 55, 128, 155; nest of, figured, 156.

Iowa, 43, 152.

Jay, Blue, 96, 181; Oregon, 46, 72; figured, 48, 72, 73, 75; Stellers', 46. Jones, Lynds, 27, 168, 202. Judd, Sylvester D., 134. Junco, 19, 113, 128, 183; nest of, figured, 113; Oregon, 46.

Kearton, C., 26, 133. Kearton, Richard, 26, 133. Killdeer, 35; figured, 36, 38. Kingbird, 39, 55, 92, 128. Kingfisher, 54, 128. Kinglet, Golden-crowned, 128, 181; Ruby-crowned, 3, 46, 54, 128. Knight, O. W., 62. Knobel, E., 30, 167.

Lacey-Hoar Bird Bill, 63. Land Birds of Pacific District, 146. Lark, Horned, 15, 180; figured, 14, 15; Prairie Horned, 152; figured, 152, 153. Lawrence, Geo. M., 142. 'List of Birds of Belknap and Merrimack Counties,' reviewed, 98. Lodge, G. E., 97. Loon, 40, 41, 128; nest and eggs of, figured, 42; Red-throated, 128. Lucas, F. A., 200, 202.

Magpie, 96. Maine Ornithological Society, 62. Mallard, 128. Martin, European, nest and young of, figured, 122; Purple, 54, 120, 128. Maryland Yellow Throat, 55, 151. Massachusetts, 27, 83, 91, 134. Maynard, C. J., 62. Maynard, Mrs. L. W., 25. McCormick, A. I., 62. McCormick, L. M., 202. Meadowlark, 92, 128, 183. Mearns, E. A., 142, 202. Merganser, Hooded, 128; Red-breasted, 128; Merriam, C. Hart, 127, 142, 145, 146, 169, 202. Merriam, Florence A., 26, 31, 173, 202. Migration, 54, 128, 145, 169. Miller, Olive Thorne, 32, 62, 158, 159, 160, 167, 202. Minnesota, 10, 67, 190. Missouri, 27, 115. Morrill, C. H., 62.

Nash, Charles W., 133. Nature Study, 51, 62, 193. Nehrling, H., 27. Nests, 19. Nest-building, 50. Nest-holder, 197. New Hampshire, 98, 180. New Jersey, 78, 116, 119, 126, 132, 177, 187. Newton, Alfred, 199. Newton, Dr. Heber, 31. New York, 5, 39, 54, 55, 57, 132, 134, 149, 156. Night-hawk, 55, 128; figured, 114. Nova Scotia, 113. Nutcracker, 46, 72. Nuthatch, Red-breasted, 128, 182; White-breasted, 24, 58, 94. Nuttall 'Bulletin,' 143, 144. Nuttall Ornithological Club, 143.

Oberholser, H. C., 173, 200. Ohio, 27. Olds, Henry, 173. Old-squaw, 128. 'On the Birds' Highway,' reviewed, 134. Oregon, 46, 72. Oriole, Baltimore, 55, 91, 128; Orchard, 55. Osprey, 54, 128. 'Our Animal Friends,' 168. 'Our Common Birds,' reviewed, 167. Ovenbird, 55, 128. Owl, Barred, 117; Richardson's, 190; figured, 190, 191; Saw-whet, 182; Screech, figured, 154; Short-eared, 128; Snowy, 128, 180; figured, 181.

Palmer, Alice Freeman, 102. Palmer, T. S., 32, 127, 134, 173. Parkhurst, H. E., 200. Patterson, Virginia Sharpe, 200. Pelican, Brown, 169, 171. Pewee, Wood, 55, 92, 128. Phoebe, 128, 130. Phonograph, 25. Pinchot, Professor, 202. Pintail, 128. Pipit, American, 128. Plover, American Golden, 128. Prentiss, D. W., 142. Purdie, H. A., 142.

Quail, 91, 93. Quills to Avoid, figured, 169, 171. Quincy, Josiah, Mayor, 137.

Rail, Yellow, 128; Virginia, 128. Razor-bill, 81. Redstart, 55, 93, 128. Reynaud, Capt., 202. Rhode Island, 134. Richards, Harriet E., 102. Richmond, C. W., 27, 127, 200. Ridgway, Robert, 32, 127, 142, 200, 202. Roberts, T. S., 202. Robertson, Howard, 62. Robin, 17, 32, 50, 128, 150, 166; figured on nest, 95. Robinson, Lieut. Wirt, 21. Robinson, Mildred A., 57. Rowley, John, 202. Rubbish Heap, Artificial, 109.

Sage, J. H., 27. Sandpiper, Least, 55, 128; Pectoral, 128; Semi-palmated, 128; Solitary, 55, 128. Sapsucker, Yellow-bellied, 54, 128. Scoter, American, 128; Surf, 128; White-winged, 128. Sennett, George B., 198. Sharpe, R. Bowdler, 61. Shrike, Northern, 6, 128, 181. Shufeldt, R. W., 142. Sketch Book of British Birds, reviewed, 61. Skimmer, Black, figured, 81; nest and eggs of, figured, 82; Skylark, 157. Siskin, Pine, 128. Slab-Sides, 5. Snipe, Wilson's, 54, 128. Snow Buntings, 180, 181. Snowflake, 141, 128; figured, 14, 15. Solitaire, Townsends, 47. Sparrow, Chipping, 20, 54, 97, 166; figured, 21; English, 17, 49; Field, 54, 93, 128; Fox, 128; Henslow's, 117, 118; House, 24; Lincoln's, 128; Nelson's, 128; Savanna, 54; Song, 58, 92, 128; figured, 59; Swamp, 54, 92, 128; Tree, 19, 128, 181; Vesper, 54; White-crowned, 47, 55, 128; White-throated, 54, 57, 128; Yellow-winged, 55; Sparrow War, 137. Stake-driver, 124. Starling, 57. Stejneger, Leonhard, 195. Stone, Witmer, 27, 28, 29, 61, 125, 127, 200. Swallow, Bank, 54, 120, 128; Barn, 54, 92, 128; Cliff, 55, 128; nests of, figured, 106; Eave, 115, 118, 119, 120; Rough Wing, 55, 115, 119, 120; Tree, 45, 54, 115; figured, 116, 119, 121; White Breast, 115, 118, 119, 120. Swan, 26. Swift, Chimney, 54, 78, 92, 128.

Tanager, Scarlet, 55, 128. Tatlock, John, Jr., 132. Taylor, Henry Reed, 62. Teal, Blue-winged, 128; Green-winged, 128. Tern, Gull-billed, 82; figured, 82; Wilson's, 205; figured, 206. Thayer, Abbott, 200. 'The Birds of Eastern North America,' reviewed, 200. 'The Birds of Ontario in Relation to Agriculture,' reviewed, 133. 'The Danger of Introducing Noxious Animals and Birds,' noticed, 134. 'The Feeding Habit of the Chipping Sparrow, and the Winter Food of the Chickadee,' reviewed, 97. 'The First Book of Birds,' reviewed, 167. 'The Osprey,' 135; Thompson, Ernest Seton, 27, 62, 134, 202. Thrasher, Brown, 25, 54, 91, 128, 151. Thrush, Gray-cheeked, 55, 128; Hermit, 54, 128; Olive-backed, 55, 128; Wilson's, 55, 128; Wood, 54, 92, 128. Torrey, Bradford, 202. Towhee, 54. Tree Trunk, Artificial, 108. Tryon, Kate, 31.

Van Dyke, Dr. Henry, 31. Van Name, Willard G., 31. Veery, 55, 128. Vermont, 166; Vireo, Blue-headed, 54, 128; Philadelphia, 128; Red-eyed, 55, 91, 128, 166; Yellow-throated, 55, 93, 128; Warbling, 55, 128, 166; White-eyed, 55, 91, 95, 166. Virginia, 81, 206.

'Wabeno, the Magician,' reviewed, 199. Warbler, Bay-breasted, 55, 128; Black and White, 5, 54, 93, 128; Blackburnian, 55, 128; Black-poll, 5, 55, 93, 128; Black-throated Blue, 55, 128; Black-throated Green, 4, 55, 128; Blue-winged, 3, 55; Canadian, 55, 128; Chestnut-sided, 4, 55, 92; Connecticut, 128; Golden Swamp, 11; Golden-winged, 4, 55, 92; Kentucky, 55; Magnolia, 55, 128; Mourning, 55; Myrtle, 54, 128; Nashville, 55, 128; Parula, 55, 128; Pine, 128; Prairie, 128; Prothonotary, 10; Tennessee, 55; Wilson's, 55, 128; Worm-eating, 55; Yellow, 55, 92, 128; Yellow Palm, 41, 54, 128. Water-Thrush, Large-billed, 54; Small-billed, 55, 128. Wheaton, J. M., 142. Whip-poor-will, 55, 128. Widmann, Otto, 27, 202. 'Wild Animals I Have Known,' 62, 134. 'Wild Life at Home: How to Study and Photograph It,' reviewed, 133. Willcox, M. A., 200. Wilson Bulletin, 168. Wisconsin, 27. Wisconsin Arbor and Bird Day Annual, 98. 'With Nature and a Camera,' reviewed, 26. Woodcock, 128, 166. Woodpecker, 19, 26; Downy, 11, 58, 60, 166, 181; Lewis, 47, 72. Wren, House, 54, 128, 166; Long-billed Marsh, 39, 55; Short-billed Marsh, 117, 128; Winter, 128, 181. Wright, Mabel Osgood, 30, 31, 195, 202. Wyoming, 14, 106.

Yellow-bird, Summer, 17. Yellow Hammer, 18. Yellow-legs, Greater, 128.

* * * * *

VOL. 1 20c. a Copy No. 1 FEBRUARY, 1899 $1 a Year

=Bird-Lore=

[Illustration]

Edited by FRANK M. CHAPMAN

The Macmillan Company HARRISBURG, PA. New York City

COPYRIGHT, 1899, BY FRANK M. CHAPMAN

=Bird-Lore=

February, 1899

CONTENTS

Frontispiece--John Burroughs at 'Slab Sides.' From a Flashlight Photograph. In Warbler Time _John Burroughs_ 3 John Burroughs at 'Slab Sides.' Illustrated 5 The Camera as an Aid in the Study of Birds. Illustrated. _Dr. Thomas S. Roberts_ 6 From a Cabin Window. Illustrated _H. W. Menke_ 14

FOR TEACHERS AND STUDENTS Bird-Studies for Children _Isabel Eaton_ 17 Winter Bird Studies 19

FOR YOUNG OBSERVERS Our Doorstep Sparrow. Illustrated _Florence. A. Merriam_ 20 A Prize Offered 23

NOTES FROM FIELD AND STUDY An Accomplished House Sparrow _J. L. Royael_ 24 A Nut-hatching Nuthatch. Illustrated _E. B. Southwick_ 24 Collecting a Brown Thrasher's Song. (With the gramophone) _S. D. Judd, Ph.D._ 25 A Cover Design. Illustrated 25